Slavery in the Caribbean Essay -- Caribbean History

Slavery in the Caribbean The beginning of slavery in the Caribbean can be traced back to the emergence of piracy in the 16th and 17th centuries. This eventually led to the promotion of slave trading and sugar plantations. While enslaved on the sugar plantations, slaves were treated very poorly. Plantation owners treated their slaves so poorly that most were undernourished and diseased. Slaves were even forced to work on their "spare" time to provide for their own needs. Needless to say, slaves encountered cruel punishment that we can’t even comprehend. The slaves however, continually resisted white supremacy causing much tension between the two social classes. Despite this, a new social class was emerging, the free coloureds. This confused matters even worse and made for a bigger separation between white and slave. Eventually however, emancipation of slavery finally occurred in 1834. The first display of piracy was by John Hawkins who made a 60% profit on the first slaves he sold. This eventually led to the promotion of slave trading and sugar plantations. By the 17th century, over 50% of slaves coming into the New World were being led to the Caribbean. This led to the emergence of the sugar plantations, which drastically changed the lives of everyone in the Caribbean. A slave society certainly emerged, as there was always a need for more slaves. The slave turnover ratio was tremendous as many died because of disease etc†¦ It became somewhat ridiculous because sugar production required many more slaves and not much more of a profit than cotton plantations. Slaves were treated quite harshly and in an unfair manner and therefore the whole plantation system was degrading. There are many horrors that occurred on the plant... ...here there was going to be a slave insurrection. The emancipation of the slaves in the 19th century changed their title, yet they were still undermined. Emancipation started in 1834 when Britain started to "legally abolish slavery" (Knight, 167). In 1886, Cuba had freed its slaves and finally the whole slave society in the Caribbean had been abolished. However, once these new societies emerged, social tensions still existed among the settlers and colonists. Nonetheless, slave systems were emancipated for political and economical reasons. Economically, sugar plantations were declining in production and the rum became scarcer. Politically, hopes and pride began to grow in the Caribbean thus leading to a natural separation with their mother countries. However, the disintegration of the slave trade occurred inevitably and certainly was not caused by slave uprisings.

Different behavioral pattern Essay

People from different countries have different behavioral pattern, depending upon their culture, values and ethics. They develop their mannerism from these factors. If we take into account Americans, Japanese, and Saudi Arabian and try and find out how they behave on one particular way, specially when making contact with each other while talking. We can make out amongst them who are who. An American will try and make himself stand at distance he will try to adjust himself at a comfortable position from the person he is talking to at the same time he will try and maintain eye contact. A Japanese may shake hand and stand very close while talking but he usually keep his gaze down, unlike American where his habit of constantly gazing will make you feel as you are been screened. An Arab will like to be at a very close distance from the person he is talking to, may be as close as you can feel his breath, they also like lot of check-to-check social kissing, the Hollywood style. The body language do half the talking, we all know that. But for that, we have to understand cross-cultural differences, like the one stated above in which how the people from three different countries are behaving in a different manner. If we do not understand that then we might make the people we are talking to feel uncomfortable. As an American can make a Japanese uncomfortable with his continuous gaze, and similarly Arab can make American uncomfortable with his closeness. In some South American and Mediterranean societies eye contact, touching and smiling and standing at a foot distance is preferred style of communication where on the other hand in Northern Europe, a lingering gaze may feel invasive, manipulative or disgraceful, they chat at a distance of two and a half feet. If we look at Estonians, they are non-contact people. On the other hand, Russians are high contact people. So the reaction for each other is like, Russian feels Estonians are cold and Estonians feels Russians are pushy. Caucasians feels averting eye contact may be a gesture to hide misbehavior, where for Asian it’s a sign of respect. An American will suspect an unknown person who took a elevator with him and tries to smile and stand at a very close distance, where usually he would have taken another corner and gazed in space. Thus a very suspicious feeling for such person will arise. It is mostly seen this kind of behaviour from a criminal or from the patients of schizophrenia where he approaches and get closer to the other person more than usual. Be very sure the closer you let your stranger to be the more vulnerable you become. The spatial differences amongst cultures points more than self-protection. In Middle East people get the information about the strangers by their sense of smell and touch, which requires close approach. Americans, rely on visual information, therefore, they don’t need to be so close to the subject. They rather step back and see an intelligent whole picture of the person. Conversational distance tell us the about the standard greeting distance in each culture. The need for more or less space means something of the cultural temperament. There is gender difference also other than country difference. A woman seems to have more eye contact than men. Also a woman feel neglected if this conversational distance is too much. They feel that the partner is indifferent. With the businesses growing global a need for a new breed of consultants has immerged, who interpret to these globe-trotters of all nationalities the meaning and use of personal space. There are special classes also for this kind of cultural behaviour, which will be a great help to understand each other.

Behavioral assessments and personal behavior preferences Essay

In an economic environment, which becoming more challenging and competitive, businesses must look for ways of having the edge. In any organization, the workers are the most essential resource; if they fail to deliver, then the mission of the whole organization is compromised. That is why the human resource department of any organization has a critical role to play and must use an elaborate method that ensures only the best candidates are selected to take on various responsibilities within the organization. One of the techniques employed is behavioral assessment, which I think is a very effective strategy for developing an effective and efficient workforce. Benefits of behavioral assessment in hiring By conducting a behavioral assessment, the hiring officials can determine the personality and work ethics of a potential employee (Eiseman, 2008). They will also be able to determine if the applicant’s habits coincide with the requirements of the job description and if these personal traits augur well for the accomplishment of the organization’s goals (Eiseman, 2008). There is a need to ensure that any hired employee will not clash with other employees as a result of personality differences as these occurrences take up a lot of organization time, time that could be used to deliver results (Warden, 2006). Secondly, behavioral assessment helps determine which position within an organization a candidate is best suited for (Norris, 2009). For example, an applicant vying for an office operations position can exhibit excellent leadership and interpersonal skills. The hiring official can therefore inquire if he or she would be interested in leading a sales team or being in charge of customer relations. The third reason why I support behavioral assessment in the hiring process is that it uncovers personal information that is necessary to determine how coachable the candidate is, how flexible his or her timetable is going to be, his or her anticipated level of engagement and dedication and how tolerant he or she is to sudden changes in working routine or a change in responsibilities (Eiseman, 2008). These qualities can then be weighed against those of other candidates to determine who is best suited to be awarded the opportunity. Personal behavior preference and effective communication Behavioral assessment is not a guideline for hiring; but a tool. Behavioral characteristics are directly related to an individual’s personality; and personality in turn directly manifests itself in how well an individual relates to the people he or she comes into contact with in the process of executing his daily professional and personal duties (Schuler & Briscoe, 2004). Therefore, if an employer has cues about an employee’s behavioral preferences, he or she will know how best to approach the employee and how to interact with him or her while causing minimum friction. This augurs well for a harmonious coexistence within a common working environment. The communication between the two parties is bound to be more effective if the behavioral traits and personal preferences have been determined before they entered into a contractual agreement. In return, effective communication contributes greatly to efficiency and productivity (Schuler & Briscoe, 2004). Conclusion  Over the last several years, behavioral assessment has become a widely used tool in human resource management. In fact, 90 percent of Fortune 500 companies employ this tool while hiring new employees (Warden, 2006). Its widespread use is attributable to the fact that the information it yields is invaluable in predicting workplace behavior, individual potential of each worker and communication strategies to use (Norris, 2009). These insights are very essential in the formulation of team and leadership building, capacity development, conflict resolution and succession strategies for the entire organization.

Procter and Gamble

Environmental Factors that affect Global and Domestic Marketing Decisions:- Every company global or domestic has external factors that exist that eventually have an effect on the company’s operations. Some of these external factors can be controlled but a larger portion is uncontrollable and yet they can be managed and or influenced by the company. These specific factors make up the marketing environment in which a company has environmental factors that influence the company’s decisions.In this paper, the author will explore the domestic and global environmental factors that could have an impact on FedEx’s marketing decision. The five environmental factors that the author will be discussing are social, economical, technological, competitive, and regulatory. Political Influence and Litigation from Responsible Shopper: â€Å"Procter & Gamble donated more than $80,000 to the Coalition Again$t the Costly Labeling Law, a group of companies that worked against Oregonà ¢â‚¬â„¢s Measure 27, which would have required the labeling of GMO products sold in that state.The Coalition was successful in defeating the measure. † from Greenpeace: â€Å"Procter & Gamble was among the corporations criticized by Greenpeace for working to weaken European laws governing harmful chemicals in household products. The EU's 2003 draft legislation would have imposed strict safety standards, requiring companies such as P to disclose and reduce the use of harmful ingredients in its consumer products.Greenpeace states that as a result of industry intimidation and intense lobbying, safety regulations were significantly watered down, putting citizens at greater risk of exposure to toxic chemicals from everyday products. † Guided by our Purpose, Values and Principles, P&G participates in the political process to help shape public policy and legislation that helps us touch more lives, in more parts of the world, more completely. This engagement ensures that the in terests of our employees, consumers and shareholders are fairly represented at all levels of government around the world.We are committed to being transparent about our political involvement globally. Technology Technology has created a major impact on the way in which all organizations market their products and services. With the development of the internet, companies are now able to economically market themselves on a global level. Even smaller companies that were once not able to capture international business due to the cost factor can now do just that. The Washington Plaza Hotel is no exception.The hotel industry in DC relies heavily on tourism as a major part of its client base. Many of these tourists who visit the city are of foreign nationality. It is important that the Washington Plaza Hotel targets these people when marketing the company. Not only do they target the tourist but they also target the international business travelers that come to the city on business related trips. The hotel's website, which gives detailed information about the hotel's accommodations and services, can be accessed by potential customers all over the world.In addition, the Air freshener – Febreze Deodorant – Old Spice, Secret Baby & child – Clearblue Easy, Dreft, Luvs, Pampers, UnderJams Batteries – Duracell Soap – Camay, Ivory, Noxzema, Olay, Safeguard, Zest Cosmetics – CoverGirl, Max Factor Dish washing – Cascade, Dawn, Joy Feminine – Always, Tampax Hair – Aussie, Frederic Fekkai, Head & Shoulders, Herbal Essences, Infusium 23, Pantene, Clairol Health – Align, Braun, Fibersure, Metamucil, Pepto-Bismol, Prilosec OTC, PUR water filtration, Vicks Household cleaning – Mr.Clean, Swiffer Laundry – Bounce sheets, Cheer, Downy, Era, Gain, Tide Oral – Crest, Fixodent, Gleem, Glide, Scope Paper – Bounty, Charmin toilet tissue, Puffs Pet food – Eukanuba, Iams Fragrances  œ Anna Sui, Baldessarini, Hugo Boss, Christina Aguilera, Escada, Giorgio Beverly Hills, Jean Patou, Lacoste, Mexx, Puma, Replay, Rochas, Tom Tailor Shaving – Braun, Gillette, SatinCare, Venus Pringles potato chips[1] [pic][pic][pic]

Steve Jobs management style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Steve Jobs management style - Essay Example Unlike most successful managers, Steve Jobs was not famous for his approach of consensus building or consultation. For the most part, he could be defined as a high-maintenance coworker that required the staff to show excellence in their work. Steve Jobs was famous for offering blunt criticism. The sheer genius of Steve Jobs together with his skill of bringing the investors, customers, and staff members on the same journey and of articulating a vision as well as the lessons he learnt from a main setback in his career took his management style to a level where it has gained global recognition for success. The main qualities that helped Steve Jobs achieve a unique style of management and leadership included but were not limited to vision-mindedness, drive for innovation, foresightedness, passion-mindedness, and drive for engagement and excellence. In order for a company to be successful, it is imperative that all of its employees are well-versed with the vision of its management. Steve Jobs placed emphasis upon recruiting innovative people who had a drive to create something out of nothing. Steve Jobs selected applicants for their willingness to create. Apple’s employees are driven by the vision of the leader. Each employee is owner of the market’s future because of their knowledge of their ability to create it. Steve Jobs looked for passion-mindedness in the employees. â€Å"Applicants who do not demonstrate a genuine passion and â€Å"love† for the company’s purposes and business philosophy will never make it† (Valtin, 2012). Jobs placed a lot of e mphasis on excellence. One very important lesson that can be learnt from Steve Jobs’s style of leadership and management is that one should never give up no matter how hard the circumstances. Rather than being affected by his getting fired from Apple in a negative way, he drew positive lessons out of it as it reflects from this statement that he made, â€Å"I didnt see it then, but it turned out

Medical Costs For Prisoners In The Correctional System Essay

Medical Costs For Prisoners In The Correctional System - Essay Example Currently, about 10% of the correctional budgets are actually set aside for healthcare and this would amount $3 billion every year (Kaplan, 1999). The largest prison network in the contrary spends about $8000 for elderly inmates and about $1000 for younger inmates. The largest number of sick elderly inmates is lodged in the Men’s State Prison in Georgia (Chen, 2009). With the problems of the inmates only increasing every year, it is becoming very difficult to sustain the healthcare of inmates. For example, a greater population of inmates is increasingly suffering from chronic diseases, HIV/AIDS, getting older with serious health problems, hepatitis, terminal illnesses, and other problems (Kaplan, 1999). In the last 10 years, the population of prisoners has doubled and the number of women inmates has increased from 4 to 6 & (according to the Bureau of Justice). The number of prisoners above the age of 50 will increase from 11.7% to 16% in 2005. According to the Bureau of Justic e the percentage of prison population above the age of 55 years arose from 49000 in 1999 to 90000 in 2007. Recently a few health problems have been noted to have a serious impact on the health of the inmates. Some of the common terminal conditions that can affect inmates include cancer (Kinsella, 2004). The most common infectious disease noted in prisoners is Hepatitis C, which affects about 33% of the inmates in Texas, and 41% in California. The most common mean of spreading Hepatitis C in prisons is through contaminated blood or IV drug use with contaminated needles. $24000 to $30000 is spent each year on treatment for Hepatitis B. About 10% of the inmates are mentally ill (Kaplan, 1999), however recent figures suggest the figures could be as high as 16%. There were just very few prisons that were providing mental health facilities to the prisoners. Small percent actually receive mental treatment programs and an even smaller group receives medication to treat the condition (Kinsel la, 2004). Communicable diseases may not only be a problem for inmates when they are in the prisons, but also when they are released. About 2.5 to 4.5 % of all the inmates are affected with an STD. It costs about $475 to treat the STD’s. 2.2% of the inmates have HIV infection and about 0.6% have AIDS. The prevalence of the condition is about 3 to 4 times higher than the general population. About $195000 is spending each year for the HIV management of inmates (Kinsella, 2004). Several cost-saving measures can be initiated as an effort to lower costs in prisons. These include privatization of the healthcare services, having disease prevention and health promotion programs, inmates co-sharing healthcare costs with the government (copayments), using telemedicine facilities, and early release of those inmates who are sick, terminally ill, or very old. Prisons need to develop better healthcare policies in order to handle the crisis of rising healthcare costs, using greater innovati on (Kinsella, 2004). The other measures that have been suggested include reduction the costs of drugs, provision of healthcare services under managed care, etc (Kinsella, 2004) Part 2 I have chosen to study the HIV/AIDS populations that are imprisoned in Rhode Island, though I would compare it with other prisons in the US. I have chosen this because, the problem of HIV/AIDS is serious in prisons, and the model obtained from a few prisons are so good that they should be a

M 25 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

M 25 - Assignment Example These have practical purposes throughout the course (Data Collection, n.d., pp. 113-115). II. Why I Chose M25 As I have learned from my experience teaching language and Arabic especially as a second language to my students, immediate feedback is necessary, because the topics build on each other, and because I believe that language teaching ought to be dynamic and relevant at every turn and moment of the teaching sessions. Because the teaching classes and topics build on one another, where a student or a group of students fail to grasp the essence of particular lessons, then they are unable to follow through to the rest of the sessions. This is problematic for those who are left behind. The only way to prevent this is to make sure that students are able to grasp the main lessons for the day. This is very hard to determine if evaluations and feedback occur infrequently. If the teacher only gives out periodic but infrequent assessments of student learning, then for many it might be too late, and interventions to correct the deficiencies in learning may be worthless as well. Mistakes and deficiencies in learning the nuances of a particular lesson must be corrected as they occur, in other words. Mistakes can pile up and the student can be left with less than optimal learning of the language as a result. It is therefore very important that the teacher has within his power the ability to gauge understanding and learning as the sessions unfold. The quick way to do this is via collection methods for data that are as prescribed in M25. The power of the M25 data collection modes is in the ability to be able to rapidly gather feedback and to gauge progress in learning. This has very pragmatic applications in tuning the course work and the content and manner of the teaching of the language so that those are in line with the pace of learning of the students, and with the deficiencies that the students have as far as learning the new language is concerned (Data Collection, n. d., pp. 113-115). As discussed above, also, I chose M25 because of the way the class sessions are structured, and also because from time to time I want to be able to revisit the learnings from previous sessions in order to reinforce them, and to correct the deficiencies in the learning of my students. The M25 methods allow me to be able to find out just what the deficient areas are, and then tailor the review parts of the sessions to be able to tackle those areas that are deficient. Student inputs and feedback are very essential in this case (Data Collection, n.d., pp. 113-115). III. How I Used M25 To gauge the effectiveness of the different methods, this researcher made use of all of the prescribed methods in M25 in different sessions. This is to gauge not only the effectiveness of the teaching methods and the level of progress of the students, but also to get a feel of what methods work best in settings where students learn a second language in classroom settings. This is a two-ed ged purpose in other words. For different sessions I made use of 2 plus 2, the â€Å"Muddiest Point†, the â€Å"Minute Paper†, the â€Å"Plus-Minus-Question Mark†, and the RSQC2 (Data Collection, n.d., pp. 113-115). IV. Sample Data It is important to note that as far as getting feedback is concerned, the general